Behavioral processes and egglaying decisions of the bean. Each seed is a discrete resource package,so that much of the biology of seed beetles is similar to the biology of parasitoids. However, seed beetles from the same group are often specialized and predominantly use closely related plant taxa from a single host tribe. To address student understanding of the effects of evolutionary history in adaptation, we designed two related, guidedinquiry experiments in which students examine the effect of evolutionary history on the potential for adaptation in the bean beetle callosobruchus maculatus see additional files 1 and 2 for student handouts. Figure 3, karyotypes of bean beetles, callosobruchus maculatus, was reprinted with permission. Eggs are deposited singly and 810 days after oviposition, a beetle larva maggot burrows directly from. A handbook on bean beetles, callosobruchus maculatus. Cowpea seeds, in which white and brown areas are equals in size, were chosen for oviposition decision tests. Bruchidae, are tropical and subtropical agricultural pest insects. The seed parasite callosobruchus maculatus generally disperses eggs uniformly among seeds. Pdf on nov 26, 2019, qianquan chen and others published seedcoat colour affects oviposition in the bean beetle, callosobruchus maculatus coleoptera. Life cycle and hostes of callosobruchus maculatus coleoptera. Do cowpea beetles callosobruchus maculatus display oviposition strategies and is light a factor.
The callosobruchus maculatus bean beetles are indigenous to west africa, and are believed to have been displaced though the movement of legume crops. Bruchidae, the cowpea seed beetle, between making contact with a potential host seed and egg deposition is analysed in detail on. Seedcoat colour affects oviposition in the bean beetle. The larvae of this species feed and develop exclusively on the seed of legumes fabaceae. Mung bean vigna radiata is a major pulse crop grown in india and other parts of the world and consumed by human beings for its high protein content. Bean beetles, callosobruchus maculatus, a model system for. Influence of cowpea pod maturity on the oviposition choices and larval survival of a bruchid beetle callosobruchus maculatus. The seed parasite callosobruchus maculatus generally disperses eggs uniformly. Oviposition substrate choice by bean beetles, callosobruchus. Larval competition and egglaying decisions by the bean weevil. Introduction bean beetles cowpea seed beetles, callosobruchus maculatus, are agricultural pest insects of africa and asia. The resistanttolerant genotypes certainly be helpful to reduce storage losses by bruchids and other insect pests and can be exploited by the.
Inheritance of hostplant choice in the seed beetle callosobruchus maculatus coleoptera. This experiment was conducted by six individual groups of four students each in biology 106 life science in the fall semester 2016 at piedmont virginia community college. Introduction to bean beetles and experimental design lab. Pdf seedcoat colour affects oviposition in the bean. Bruchidae article pdf available in journal of applied ecology 283. The bruchid beetle callosobruchus maculatus is known to be fairly plastic when it comes to host use. The morphometric measurements revealed that the average length and breadth of egg were 0. Pdf efficacy of plant extracts against the cowpea beetle. Callosobruchus chinensis is a common species of beetle found in the bean weevil subfamily, and is known to be a pest to many stored legumes.
The resulting pattern of oviposition nearly doubles larval survival compared to random oviposition. It causes substantial quantitative and qualitative losses manifested by seed perforation and reductions in weight, market value and germination ability of seeds. Summary 1 effects of intraspecific competition were studied experimentally in calloso. Bean beetles callosobruchus maculatus are known to evaluate.
This is well documented in the bean beetle callosobruchus maculatus, where. Final lab report on bean beetles bioz 152 vcu studocu. The present study was under taken to determine the food preference of callosobruchus maculatus to six types of beans red gram, lentils, black gram, cowpea, kalachana and matkito find most preferred grains for the preparation of baits for its control. This common pest of stored legumes has a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring on every continent except antarctica. Bean beetles exhibit two adult forms morphs, a sedentary flightless form and a dispersal flying form.
For example, female bean weevils, callosobruchus maculatus, assess each potential host bean by comparison to the previous bean and lay an egg only if the present bean is larger or has fewer eggs. Females lay their eggs on the surface of beans family fabaceae. Oviposition decisions in the seed beetle, callosobruchus. Experiments using naive females established differences in host specificity among geographic strains of the seed beetlecallosobruchus maculatus. Bruchinae, are agricultural pest insects domesticated in. Pdf rearing and identification of callosobruchus maculatus. Adults emerge after 34wk, immediatelycapableofmatingand reproducing. It causes substantial quantitative and qualitative losses manifested by. Callosobruchus maculatus bean beetle by alissa walens on.
The duration of the different states of the cowpea weevils, callosobruchus maculatus f. When the beetle emerged, the bean was removed from the tube. If females are prevented from kicking the males, copulations last longer and the injuries females sustain are more severe. Although it is commonly known as the adzuki bean weevil it is in fact not a true weevil, belonging instead to the leaf beetle family, chrysomelidae. Does seed size mediate sexspecific reproduction costs in. Biology of pulse beetle, callosobruchus maculatus f. Biology and morphometric measurement of cowpea weevil. Females laid more eggs onto the brown than white area under both low and high beetle densities. Addressing effects of food supply on nutptial gifts and their fitness effects, we studied the callosobruchus maculatus bean beetle, a cosmopolitan pest of stored fabaceae seeds. Beck department of biology, emory university christopher. View callosobruchus maculatus research papers on academia. Callosobruchus maculatus exploration of the deciding factor.
Novel ovipostion discussion like comment share in this experiment it was speculated if c. Guide to cultivating bean beetles callosobruchus maculatus. Females lay their eggs on the surface of beans seeds in family fabaceae. Life cycle of bean beetles, callosobruchus maculatus. Materials in class, you will be provided with live cultures of bean beetles, containing adults that have been. We found no indication that differences in the nutrient quality of larger and smaller host seeds influence survival in virgin and reproducing individuals or nuptial gift size in. Callosobruchus maculatus an overview sciencedirect topics. We used cowpeas vigna unguiculata of two class sizes large and small to test predictions based on a simple resource threshold model that females will distribute eggs among seeds in a manner that maximizes the amount of resources allocated to each offspring. Local populations of callosobruchus maculatus, the cowpea seed beetle, are established annually from small numbers of founders and the species has been distributed to many parts of the world where isolated populations may have been founded by very small numbers of individuals. The life cycle consisted of egg, four larval instars l 1, l 2, l 3 and l 4, pupa and adult. The larvae of this species feed and develop exclusively on the. Detailed resources on this insect model system may be found our website. Bean beetle substrate choice 51 introduction this laboratory study is a continuation of our project to develop bean beetles, callosobruchus maculatus, as a model system for undergraduate laboratories in ecology, evolution, and animal behavior. Callosobruchus maculatus is a species of beetles known commonly as the cowpea weevil or cowpea seed beetle.
Dec 31, 2014 the cowpea weevil, callosobruchus maculatus f. Callosobruchus is one of the genera in the family bruchidae seed weevils that is in the superfamily chrysomeloidea. Intraspecific competition in the bean weevils callosobruchus maculatus and callosobruchus rhodesianus coleoptera. Inheritance of hostplant choice in the seed beetle callosobruchus. Eggs are deposited oviposition singly and several days after oviposition, a beetle larva maggot burrows into the bean. The evolution of oviposition tactics in the bean weevil. The species that are most common for the beetle to lay their eggs on are black eyed peas, mung beans, and adzuki beans.
Comparative developmental compatibility of callosobruchus. Diet affects female mating behaviour in a seedfeeding beetle. Callosobruchus maculatus fabricius, bruchidae seed beetle is a common postharvest pest of stored legumes in tropical and subtropical regions. Bean beetles make biology research sexy the american. This species also is known as the southern cowpea weevil. We explored the life history effects of endogenous nuptial gifts provided by males as an ejaculate during copulation and their dependence on developmental conditions. Live bean beetles callosobruchus maculatus nov 20, 2014 the bean beetle callosobruchus maculatus, is a highly nutritious feeder that can be fed to a variety of small amphibians, geckos, invertebrates, baby chameleons and even fish. We examined whether such congenital differences affect the degree to which host preference can be modified by experience. Smitht department of pure and applied zoology, university of reading, p. Working with bean beetles is inexpensive and logistically manageable, allowing instructors to scale up to largeenrollment courses.
Bruchinae, are agricultural pest insects of africa and asia that presently range throughout the tropical and subtropical world. Bean beetles callosobruchus maculatus are known to evaluate their host quality and texture of seed coat. Female access to water, sugar and yeast are manipulated and the. In addition to learning about bean beetles, we will be able to apply what we learn to other insect species. Bruchidae, is a cosmopolitan fieldtostore pest ranked as the principal postharvest pest of cowpea in the tropics. With these constraints the beetle may maximize fitness if it knows the weights. Experiments to test effects of evolutionary history. Control of cowpea weevil, callosobruchus maculatus f. Oviposition decisions in the seed beetle, callosobruchus maculatus.
Pdf assessment of resistance to the attack of bean beetle. Comparative developmental compatibility of callosobruchus maculatus on cowpea, chickpea and soybean genotypes. The resulting pattern of oviposition nearly doubles larval survival compared to random oviposition r. The organisms mate once matured, and select a bean to carry out oviposition on beck and blumer, 2011. Bean beetles cowpea seed beetles, callosobruchus maculatus, are agricultural pest insects of africa and asia. A handbook on bean beetles, callosobruchus maculatus christopher w. Bean beetles or southern cowpea weevil, callosobruchus maculatus coleoptera. Detection of cowpea seed beetle at early stages of its life stages. Following oviposition, a beetle larva will burrow into the bean and ingest the endosperm. Life history parameters of beetle strains from three different origins in west africa were compared on two susceptible varieties of cowpea, vigna unguiculata l. Here, we examined the influence of larval nutrient quantity on the sexspecific longevity costs of reproduction in the giftgiving seed beetle callosobruchus maculatus. Upon hatching,larvaeburrowintothe seed to complete development through pupation. Biology of pulse beetle callosobruchus maculatus f.
A handbook on bean beetles, callosobruchus maculatus bean. Two populations of the seedfeeding beetle callosobruchus maculatus, a species that produces relatively large nuptial gifts, are used to test whether female nutritional status affects mating behaviour. The female grubs shows an oviposition period, with an average of duration, of 10. Each group compared two different types of beans to see which beans the bean beetle, callosobruchus maculatus, preferred for laying eggs and. The life cycle consisted of egg, four larval instars l 1, l 2, l 3 and l 4, pupa and. The evolution of oviposition tactics in the bean weevil, callosobruchus maculatus f.
Nov 26, 2019 bean beetles callosobruchus maculatus are known to evaluate their host quality and texture of seed coat. Coleoptera in chickpea article pdf available in journal of entomology and zoology studies 42. Females from an asian strain, for which mung bean had been a longterm. Bruchidae to test whether they conform to predictions of an optimality model. Previous studies have shown that femalecallosobruchus maculatusf. The adults do not require food or water and spend their limited lifespan one two weeks mating and laying eggs on beans. Female oviposition decisions and their impact on progeny. Potential of light spectra as a control of cowpea weevil. Oviposition deterrents of callosobruchus maculatus. Search sequences and the oviposition process of the female bruchid beetle were observed and recorded.
Bruchidae, are agricultural pest insects of africa and asia that presently range throughout the tropical and subtropical world. Why do male callosobruchus maculatus harm their mates. Pdf seedcoat colour affects oviposition in the bean beetle. The adult beetle was oval in shape and reddishbrown in colour, with dark stripes on each side of dorsal abdomen with average fecundity of 74. Your use of this pdf, the bioone complete website, and all posted and. Effects of evolutionary history on adaptation in bean. The bean beetle callosobruchus maculatus is a facultatively aphagous pest ofstored legumes. Specifically, students discuss contemporary research on sex in the bean beetle, callosobruchus maculatus, and then develop and test hypotheses related to bean beetle sex. Consequences of inbreeding for the cowpea seed beetle. Pdf do cowpea beetles callosobruchus maculatus display.
Empirical studies of behavioral processes were designed in a seed beetle, callosobruchus maculatus, to distinguish between two alternative tactical models, namely, comparison tactics and threshold tactics of seed choice, and also to deduce the behavioral rule of its oviposition decisions. Efficacy of plant extracts against the cowpea beetle, callosobruchus maculatus article pdf available in international journal of pest management 50. Rearing and identification of callosobruchus maculatus bruchidae. Bruchidae, is a cosmopolitan fieldtostore pest ranked as the principal postharvest pest of cowpea in the tropics 6. During storage this commodity is severely attacked by bean beetle callosobruchus maculatus fabricius resulting losses in quantity and. Callosobruchus maculatus forms a monophyletic group with c. The bean beetle callosobruchus maculatus, is a highly nutritious feeder that can be fed to a variety of small amphibians, geckos, invertebrates, baby chameleons and even fish. Egglaying preference and hatching rates of callosobruchus. Some bean species are very clearly toxic to callosobruchus maculatus larvae janzen 1977. The reproductive and life cycles of the bean beetle are fully dependent on the host bean the female chooses to deposit her egg on. Does seed size mediate sexspecific reproduction costs in the. Chrysomelid beetles are also interesting from 74 an ecological and economic viewpoint, as members of the group are usually pest species, 75 perhaps most famously the aforementioned colorado potato beetle, which is a major pest of 76 potato crops in america, asia and europe 20. The systematic placement of bean beetles is as follows. Callosobruchus maculatus bean beetle by alissa walens on prezi.
Can preference for oviposition sites initiate reproductive. Males of the bruchid beetle callosobruchus maculatus have spines on their intromittent organs that puncture the female reproductive tract during mating. Blumer department of biology, morehouse college lawrence. We used the bean beetle, callosobruchus maculatus, and two of its host beans, vigna unguiculata and v.
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